Mperutse kubona ubutumwa kuri WhatApp bw’inshuti twakuranye, ubu iri hafi kuzuza imyaka mirongo itatu. Yari ari kuntumira mu bukwe bwe. Namushubije nk’uko bisanzwe, ariko nongeraho n’ikibazo gito: “Woooow, congratulations! Biranshimishije cyane. Ubuse, wumva witeguye gushinga urugo?”
Aransubiza ati: “Sinzi niba niteguye.”
Ndamubwira nti: “Ndakumva rwose! Muri rusange se, wumva umeze ute iyo utekereje ku buzima bwo gushinga urugo?”
Ati: “Birasekeje, Mba numva bigoye.”
Sinigeze mbifata nk’ibisekeje. Numvise byumvikana. Gusa igisubizo namwandikiye cyari kigufi cyane kandi cya rusange: “Urugo rusaba gushyiraho umwete. Bisaba guhora wikoramo akazi, ariko iyo mwembi mubishyizeho umutima, bigenda neza kandi urugo rushobora kubabera rwiza cyane.”
Yansubije amagambo atatu gusa: “Yewe ntabwo byoroshye.”
Ayo magambo atatu nakomeje kuyatekerezaho. Yarimo ukuri, kandi nkomeza kuyibazaho cyane...
Abantu bose barakubaza bati “Uzashaka ryari?” Bake ni bo bakubaza bati “Uzubaka urugo ute?”
Mu miryango myinshi y’Abanyarwanda, iyo umwana agize hagati y’imyaka 20 na 30 ahuye n’abagize umuryango mu birori cyangwa mu yindi minsi ihuza imiryango, akenshi bamubaza ikibazo kimwe: “Ese ko ntacyo utubwira, uzashaka ryari?”
N’ubwo akenshi iki kibazo kiba giturutse ku kukwifuriza ibyiza, uko kigenda gisubirwamo kenshi, wumva kigenfa kirambirana!
Ariko dore icyo iki kibazo cyibandaho: itariki. Ntikibanda ku buryo umuntu azubaka urugo. Ntawe ukunze kubaza ati: “Muzajya mucunga mute ibijyanye n’amafaranga?” cyangwa ati: “Nimugira ibyo mutumvikanaho, muzabikemura mute?” Urugo rufatwa nk’ikintu umuntu azamenyera uko igihe kigenda, nyuma y’imihango y’ubukwe.
Rero iyo umusore cyangwa inkumi ashidikanya ku bijyanye no, umuryango ushobora kubifata nko kugira ubwoba cyangwa kwinangira. Nyamara, hari igihe biba atari ibyo. Hari igihe aba ari umuntu usobanukiwe uburemere bw’icyo cyemezo, bityo akaba ashaka kubanza gushishoza.
Ariko se, uko gushidikanya gufite ishingiro?
Abanyarwanda bagenda barushinga bakuze kurusha uko byahoze. Nk’uko bigaragara mu nkuru ya The New Times, impuzandengo y’imyaka abantu baba bafite iyo bashyingiwe bwa mbere ubu iri hafi ya 28 ku bagabo na 25 ku bagore. Umubare w’ishyingirwa ryanditswe mu mategeko wagabanutseho hafi 5% hagati ya 2024 na 2025. Abahanga bavuze muri iyo nkuru bagaragaza impamvu zirimo kuba urubyiruko rufite amafaranga rwinjiza, rukiga, ndetse rukaba rwarabonye ingorane ziba mu ngo zimwe na zimwe. Umwe muri bo yagize ati: “Muri iki gihe, abantu babasha kwihitiramo uko bubaka ubuzima bwabo, igihe n’uburyo babikoramo.”
Kuba abantu bagenda barushaho kwitonda mbere yo kurushinga na byo bifite impamvu zumvikana. Gatanya zigenda ziyongera. Nk’uko imibare y’igihugu ibigaragaza, mu batanye mu mwaka wa 2025, abagera kuri 4 mu 10 bari baramaze imyaka itageze ku icumi bashakanye.
Nonese ibyo bivuze ko ingo nyinshi zisenyuka? Birashoboka! Ariko dushobora no kubireba mu bundi buryo: imyaka ya mbere y’urugo igira uruhare rukomeye mu kugena uko bizagenda, nyamara ikibabaje ni uko ari yo myaka twitegura gake kurusha indi.
Twitegura umunsi w’ubukwe, aho gutegura imyaka izakurikiraho
Tekereza ku bintu byose bijyana n’ubukwe mu Rwanda: gusaba no gukwa, gusezerana imbere y’amategeko, gusezerana imbere y’Imana, n’ibirori byo kwakira abashyitsi. Buri gice kigira imyambaro yacyo myiza, gahunda zacyo n’imihango myinshi kandi ihambaye, bisaba amezi yo kubitegura n’amafaranga menshi. Habaho komite, gukusanya inkunga n’inama z’ubukwe. Dufite uburyo burambuye bwo gutegura uwo munsi udasanzwe. Ariko urugo rwo si umunsi udasanzwe cyangwa ibirori. Ni ubuzima bwa buri munsi. Ni ibiba mu buzima busanzwe, mu tuntu duto duto duhura na two buri munsi. Ni yo mpamvu akenshi rutitabwaho mu buryo bungana n’umunsi w’ubukwe, kandi ntiruhabwe umwanya uhagije wo kurutegura.
None se, ni iyihe gahunda dushyiraho yo gutegura ubwo buzima bushya bwo kubana? Ni iyihe gahunda igena uzinjiza amafaranga, uko azakoreshwa n’uzafata ibyemezo? Muzashyikirana bingana iki no kwa sobukwe? Muzajya mukemura mute amakimbirane, muzagena mute ibijyanye no kurera abana, ibijyanye n’ukwemera, cyangwa igihe umwe muri mwe abuze akazi? Abashakanye benshi baganira kuri ibi bibazo bwa mbere baramaze kurushinga, bananiwe kandi bari mu mpaka za ngo turwane.
Mu mwaka wa 2012, umwanditsi watangaga ibitekerezo muri The New Times yibajije ibiba nyuma y’ubukwe, abaza ati: “None se nyuma y’uyu munsi, hakurikiraho iki?” Kuri benshi, iki kibazo kibazwa ari uko umunsi ukomeye w’ubukwe urangiye.
Icyakora, no kwitegura mbere yo gushyingiranwa ubwabyo ntibikuraho ibibazo byose. Isesengura ryakozwe mu mwaka wa 2010 ku bushakashatsi 47 bwari bwarakozwe ku mahugurwa ahabwa abitegura gushyingiranwa ryagaragaje ko ayo mahugurwa afasha abashakanye kunoza uburyo baganira. Ariko nta bimenyetso bihagije byagaragazaje ko agira uruhare mu gutuma bakomeza kunyurwa n’urushako rwabo mu gihe kirekire. Birashoboka ko kwitegura nyako ari ikintu cyoroshye kurushaho: kumenyera kubwizanya ukuri, kuganira ku ngingo zigoye ariko z’ingenzi hakiri kare, no kubikora kenshi aho gutegereza ko habaho amakimbirane. Ariko se, hagati y’imihihibikano yo gutegura ubukwe no kubwirana utujambo twiza tw’urukundo, ni nde ubona umwanya wo kuganira kuri ibyo?
Ese ubundi urugo rwiza ruba rumeze rute?
Ni gake twicara ngo dusobanure icyo twita urugo rwiza. Ese ni urugo rumaze imyaka mirongo ine bakiri kumwe, n’ubwo baba batacyumvana cyangwa bahuze urugwiro? Ese ni urugo rutagira amakimbirane? Cyangwa ni urugo abantu babiri bakomeza gukura, gutera imbere, ariko bagakomeza no guhitamo kubana buri munsi?
Benshi muri twe twakuze tureba uko ingo twabonaga zibayeho, ni byo twigiyeho uko urushako rugomba kumera. Ariko muri iki gihe, abashakanye benshi bombi baba bakora, bakaba bashobora no kuba kure y’imiryango bakomokamo. Bifuza ko uwo bashakanye amubera inshuti magara, akaba umukunzi we, bakanyurana muri byinshi bishya ariko kandi bafite stability. Bifuza gutera imbere mu kazi no kurera abana neza, mu gihe imiryango migari itakibafasha cyangwa ngo igire uruhare mu buzima bwabo nk’uko byahoze. Ibyo byose ni byinshi bisabwa abantu babiri, kandi akenshi babisabwa ubufasha na bwo bugenda bukendera.
Ibibazo dukwiye kwibazaho
Ibi si uguca urubanza cyangwa kuvuga ko ibintu bimeze nabi. Ahubwo ni ukugira ngo tuganire nk’ababyeyi, urubyiruko, ndetse n’undi wese wigeze yumva aremerewe no gutekereza ku rushako, cyangwa wagiriye umuntu wagize ati “Mba numva bigoye” inama ngufi kandi ya rusange.
Ese ntitwita cyane ku gutegura umunsi w’ubukwe kurusha uko twita ku gutegura urugo?
Ese gushyingiranwa bigomba gukomeza gufatwa nk’intego nyamukuru buri umuntu agomba kugeraho kugira ngo abe yateye imbere mu buzima, cyangwa ni imwe mu nzira nyinshi zitandukanye umuntu ashobora kunyuramo kugira ngo agire ubuzima bumunyuze?
Ese isezerano ryo kubana “akaramata” riracyari intego ishoboka muri iki gihe, cyangwa ni icyifuzo cyiza tugomba guherekeza no kwitegura bihagije?
Iyo dushishikariza abana bacu kurushinga, ni iki tubaha kibafasha kwitegura, uretse kubaha igihe bagakwiye kuba barushinze?
Kandi ikibazo cy’ingenzi kurusha ibindi ni iki: Mu buzima bw’iki gihe, ni iki bisaba kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kugira urugo rwiza kandi rurambye?